On Sun, Oct 11, 2009 at 3:18 AM, J. William Campbell jwilliamcampbell@comcast.net wrote:

Graeme Russ wrote:

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On Sat, Oct 10, 2009 at 9:47 PM, Joakim Tjernlund joakim.tjernlund@transmode.se wrote:

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Graeme Russ graeme.russ@gmail.com wrote on 10/10/2009 12:38:19:

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On Sat, Oct 10, 2009 at 8:27 PM, Joakim Tjernlund joakim.tjernlund@transmode.se wrote:

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Graeme Russ graeme.russ@gmail.com wrote on 10/10/2009 10:46:52:

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On Sat, Oct 10, 2009 at 7:07 PM, Joakim Tjernlund joakim.tjernlund@transmode.se wrote:

> > Graeme Russ graeme.russ@gmail.com wrote on 10/10/2009 06:43:52: > >> >> On Fri, Oct 9, 2009 at 10:12 AM, Joakim Tjernlund >> joakim.tjernlund@transmode.se wrote: >> >>>> >>>> On Fri, Oct 9, 2009 at 9:27 AM, J. William Campbell >>>> jwilliamcampbell@comcast.net wrote: >>>> >>>>> >>>>> Graeme Russ wrote: >>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> On Fri, Oct 9, 2009 at 2:58 AM, J. William Campbell >>>>>> jwilliamcampbell@comcast.net wrote: >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Graeme Russ wrote: >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Out of curiosity, I wanted to see just how much of a size >>>>>>>> penalty I am >>>>>>>> incurring by using gcc -fpic / ld -pic on my x86 u-boot build. >>>>>>>> Here are >>>>>>>> the results (fixed width font will help - its space, not tab, >>>>>>>> formatted): >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Section non-reloc reloc >>>>>>>> --------------------------------------- >>>>>>>> .text 000118c4 000137fc <- 0x1f38 bytes (~8kB) >>>>>>>> bigger >>>>>>>> .rodata 00005bad 000059d0 >>>>>>>> .interp n/a 00000013 >>>>>>>> .dynstr n/a 00000648 >>>>>>>> .hash n/a 00000428 >>>>>>>> .eh_frame 00003268 000034fc >>>>>>>> .data 00000a6c 000001dc >>>>>>>> .data.rel n/a 00000098 >>>>>>>> .data.rel.ro.local n/a 00000178 >>>>>>>> .data.rel.local n/a 000007e4 >>>>>>>> .got 00000000 000001f0 >>>>>>>> .got.plt n/a 0000000c >>>>>>>> .rel.got n/a 000003e0 >>>>>>>> .rel.dyn n/a 00001228 >>>>>>>> .dynsym n/a 00000850 >>>>>>>> .dynamic n/a 00000080 >>>>>>>> .u_boot_cmd 000003c0 000003c0 >>>>>>>> .bss 00001a34 00001a34 >>>>>>>> .realmode 00000166 00000166 >>>>>>>> .bios 0000053e 0000053e >>>>>>>> ======================================= >>>>>>>> Total 0001d5dd 00022287 <- 0x4caa bytes >>>>>>>> (~19kB) bigger >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> Its more than a 16% increase in size!!! >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> .text accounts for a little under half of the total bloat, and >>>>>>>> of that, >>>>>>>> the crude dynamic loader accounts for only 341 bytes >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>>> Hi Graeme, >>>>>>> I would be interested in a third option (column), the x86 >>>>>>> build with >>>>>>> just -mrelocateable but NOT -fpic. It will not be definitive >>>>>>> because >>>>>>> there >>>>>>> will be extra code that references the GOT and missing code to >>>>>>> do some of >>>>>>> the relocation, but it would still be interesting. >>>>>>> >>>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>>> x86 does not have -mrelocatable. This is a PPC only option :( >>>>>> >>>>>> >>>>> >>>>> Hi Graeme, >>>>> You are unfortunately correct. However, I wonder if we >>>>> can get >>>>> essentially the same result by executing the final ld step with >>>>> the >>>>> --emit-relocs switch included. This may also include some "extra" >>>>> sections >>>>> that we would want to strip out, but if it works, it could give >>>>> all >>>>> ELF-based systems a way to a relocatable u-boot. >>>>> >>>>> >>>> >>>> I don't think --emit-relocs is necessary with -pic. I haven't gone >>>> through >>>> all the permutations to see if there is a smaller option, but gcc >>>> -fpic and >>>> ld -pie creates enough information to perform relocation on the >>>> x86 >>>> platform >>>> >>> >>> Try -fvisibility=hidden >>> >> >> Thanks - Shaved another 2539 bytes off the binary >> >> Also found out how to get rid of .eh_frame (crept in when I upgraded >> to >> gcc 4.4.1) with -fno-dwarf2-cfi-asm, so that shaves another 13452 >> bytes >> >> Total saving of 15.6k >> > > Great, so now you are back at just a few percent added I guess? > > >

Not really - The .eh_frame saving applies to both relocated and non relocated builds

OK, so you didn't use PIC before at all?

Anyway I think you can do more. Using -Bsymbolic you should get away with RELATIVE relocs only and be able to skip a lot of segments above. Have a look at uClibc ldso/ldso/dl-startup.c

My build options thus far are:

PLATFORM_RELFLAGS += -fpie -fvisibility=hidden PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS += -fno-dwarf2-cfi-asm PLATFORM_LDFLAGS += -pie

-fpic / -pic make no difference

not on x86, on ppc it is a big difference.

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Interestingly, -Bsymbolic adds exactly 8 bytes to .dynamic, but doesn't change the size of any other section

Pulling apart the relocation sections, it seems that all relocations are already RELATIVE even without -Bsymbolic

Ah, that is because you built an exe with -pie Then you should be able to drop everything but the RELATIVE from the linking, or almost in any case.

Jocke

Hmm, so its seems I may have hit the limit. I tried:

PLATFORM_LDFLAGS += -r --emit-relocs

but there is not enough information left to complete the relocation.

Hi Graeme, I am glad you tried this. It should work, -fpie should not be necessary. Did you also change PLATFORM_RELFLAGS to omit the -fpie? Without pie, and with no libraries linked in that are pie, there should BE no .got, AFIK. I wonder if absolutely everything is getting re-built, like maybe there is a library routine that is being linked in? What exactly was missing when you compiled and linked without pie?

I just tried with:

PLATFORM_RELFLAGS += -fvisibility=hidden PLATFORM_CPPFLAGS += -fno-dwarf2-cfi-asm PLATFORM_LDFLAGS += -Bsymbolic --emit-relocs

There is relocation information in the linker output, however it is not marked for allocation so it gets stripped out when creating u-boot.bin

Best Regards, Bill Campbell

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It seems as though I need .rel.got, .got.plt, .dynsym and .rel.dyn in order to find the actual bytes that need modifying (it also seems to mess with the size of the stripped binary for some reason)

Looks like I'll have to proceed with my original plan - a bit bloated, but it works

Graeme