Documents and READMEs for NDS32 architecture. It patch also provides usage of SoC AG101 and board ADP-AG101.
Signed-off-by: Macpaul Lin macpaul@andestech.com --- Changes for v1-v10: - The patch of documentation was not included. Changes for v11: - Add the documents of NDS32, ag101, N1213. Changes for v12: - No change.
README | 24 ++++++++++++++-- doc/README.N1213 | 55 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ doc/README.NDS32 | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ doc/README.ag101 | 74 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ doc/README.standalone | 1 + 5 files changed, 192 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) create mode 100644 doc/README.N1213 create mode 100644 doc/README.NDS32 create mode 100644 doc/README.ag101
diff --git a/README b/README index 0886987..381e1e2 100644 --- a/README +++ b/README @@ -182,6 +182,10 @@ Directory Hierarchy: /cpu CPU specific files /mips32 Files specific to MIPS32 CPUs /lib Architecture specific library files + /nds32 Files generic to NDS32 architecture + /cpu CPU specific files + /n1213 Files specific to Andes Technology N1213 CPUs + /lib Architecture specific library files /nios2 Files generic to Altera NIOS2 architecture /cpu CPU specific files /lib Architecture specific library files @@ -3103,7 +3107,7 @@ Low Level (hardware related) configuration options: globally (CONFIG_CMD_MEM).
- CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT - [ARM, MIPS only] If this variable is defined, then certain + [ARM, NDS32, MIPS only] If this variable is defined, then certain low level initializations (like setting up the memory controller) are omitted and/or U-Boot does not relocate itself into RAM. @@ -3653,8 +3657,8 @@ details; basically, the header defines the following image properties: Currently supported: Linux, NetBSD, VxWorks, QNX, RTEMS, LynxOS, INTEGRITY). * Target CPU Architecture (Provisions for Alpha, ARM, AVR32, Intel x86, - IA64, MIPS, Nios II, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit; - Currently supported: ARM, AVR32, Intel x86, MIPS, Nios II, PowerPC). + IA64, MIPS, NDS32, Nios II, PowerPC, IBM S390, SuperH, Sparc, Sparc 64 Bit; + Currently supported: ARM, AVR32, Intel x86, MIPS, NDS32, Nios II, PowerPC). * Compression Type (uncompressed, gzip, bzip2) * Load Address * Entry Point @@ -4347,6 +4351,20 @@ On Nios II, the ABI is documented here: Note: on Nios II, we give "-G0" option to gcc and don't use gp to access small data sections, so gp is free.
+On NDS32, the following registers are used: + + R0-R1: argument/return + R2-R5: argument + R15: temporary register for assembler + R16: trampoline register + R28: frame pointer (FP) + R29: global pointer (GP) + R30: link register (LP) + R31: stack pointer (SP) + PC: program counter (PC) + + ==> U-Boot will use R10 to hold a pointer to the global data + NOTE: DECLARE_GLOBAL_DATA_PTR must be used with file-global scope, or current versions of GCC may "optimize" the code too much.
diff --git a/doc/README.N1213 b/doc/README.N1213 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e107166 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/README.N1213 @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +N1213 is a configurable hard/soft core of NDS32's N12 CPU family. + +Features +======== + +CPU Core + - 16-/32-bit mixable instruction format. + - 32 general-purpose 32-bit registers. + - 8-stage pipeline. + - Dynamic branch prediction. + - 32/64/128/256 BTB. + - Return address stack (RAS). + - Vector interrupts for internal/external. + interrupt controller with 6 hardware interrupt signals. + - 3 HW-level nested interruptions. + - User and super-user mode support. + - Memory-mapped I/O. + - Address space up to 4GB. + +Memory Management Unit + - TLB + - 4/8-entry fully associative iTLB/dTLB. + - 32/64/128-entry 4-way set-associati.ve main TLB. + - TLB locking support + - Optional hardware page table walker. + - Two groups of page size support. + - 4KB & 1MB. + - 8KB & 1MB. + +Memory Subsystem + - I & D cache. + - Virtually indexed and physically tagged. + - Cache size: 8KB/16KB/32KB/64KB. + - Cache line size: 16B/32B. + - Set associativity: 2-way, 4-way or direct-mapped. + - Cache locking support. + - I & D local memory (LM). + - Size: 4KB to 1MB. + - Bank numbers: 1 or 2. + - Optional 1D/2D DMA engine. + - Internal or external to CPU core. + +Bus Interface + - Synchronous/Asynchronous AHB bus: 0, 1 or 2 ports. + - Synchronous High speed memory port. + (HSMP): 0, 1 or 2 ports. + +Debug + - JTAG debug interface. + - Embedded debug module (EDM). + - Optional embedded program tracer interface. + +Miscellaneous + - Programmable data endian control. + - Performance monitoring mechanism. diff --git a/doc/README.NDS32 b/doc/README.NDS32 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b2b58fc --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/README.NDS32 @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +NDS32 is a new high-performance 32-bit RISC microprocessor core. + +http://www.andestech.com/ + +AndeStar ISA +============ +AndeStar is a patent-pending 16-bit/32-bit mixed-length instruction set to +achieve optimal system performance, code density, and power efficiency. + +It contains the following features: + - Intermixable 32-bit and 16-bit instruction sets without the need for + mode switch. + - 16-bit instructions as a frequently used subset of 32-bit instructions. + - RISC-style register-based instruction set. + - 32 32-bit General Purpose Registers (GPR). + - Upto 1024 User Special Registers (USR) for existing and extension + instructions. + - Rich load/store instructions for... + - Single memory access with base address update. + - Multiple aligned and unaligned memory accesses for memory copy and stack + operations. + - Data prefetch to improve data cache performance. + - Non-bus locking synchronization instructions. + - PC relative jump and PC read instructions for efficient position independent + code. + - Multiply-add and multiple-sub with 64-bit accumulator. + - Instruction for efficient power management. + - Bi-endian support. + - Three instruction extension space for application acceleration: + - Performance extension. + - Andes future extensions (for floating-point, multimedia, etc.) + - Customer extensions. + +AndesCore CPU +============= +Andes Technology has 4 families of CPU cores: N12, N10, N9, N8. + +For details about N12 CPU family, please check doc/README.N1213. + +The NDS32 ports of u-boot, the Linux kernel, the GNU toolchain and +other associated software are actively supported by Andes Technology Corporation. diff --git a/doc/README.ag101 b/doc/README.ag101 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..46fc637 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/README.ag101 @@ -0,0 +1,74 @@ +Andes Technology SoC AG101 +========================== + +AG101 is the first SoC produced by Andes Technology using N1213 CPU core. +AG101 has integrated both AHB and APB bus and many periphals for application +and product development. + +ADP-AG101 +========= + +ADP-AG101 is the SoC with AG101 hardcore CPU. + +Please check http://www.andestech.com/p2-4.htm for detail of this SoC. + +Configurations +============== + +CONFIG_MEM_REMAP: + Doing memory remap is essential for preparing some non-OS or RTOS + applications. + + This is also a must on ADP-AG101 board. + (While other boards may not have this problem). + + The reason is because the ROM/FLASH circuit on PCB board. + AG101-A0 board has 2 jumpers MA17 and SW5 to configure which + ROM/FLASH is used to boot. + + When SW5 = "0101", MA17 = LO, the ROM is connected to BANK0, + and the FLASH is connected to BANK1. + When SW5 = "1010", MA17 = HI, the ROM is disabled (still at BANK0), + and the FLASH is connected to BANK0. + It will occur problem when doing flash probing if the flash is at + BANK0 (0x00000000) while memory remapping was skipped. + + Other board like ADP-AG101P may not enable this since there is only + a FLASH connected to bank0. + +CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT: + If you want to boot this system from FLASH and bypass e-bios (the + other boot loader on ROM). You should undefine CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT + in "include/configs/adp-ag101.h". + +Build and boot steps +==================== + +build: +1. Prepare the toolchains and make sure the $PATH to toolchains is correct. +2. Use `make adp-ag101` in u-boot root to build the image. + +burn u-boot to flash: +1. Make sure the MA17 (J16) is Lo. +2. Make sure the dip switch SW5 is set to "0101". +3. Power On. Press button "S1", then press button "SW1", then you will found the + debug LED show 67 means the system successfully booted into e-bios. + Now you can control the e-bios boot loader from your console. +4. Under "Command>>" prompt, enter "97" (CopyImageFromCard) +5. Under "Type Dir Name of [CF/SD] =>" promtp, enter "c". +6. Under "Enter Filename =>" prompt, enter the file name of u-boot image you + just build. It is usually "u-boot.bin". +7. Under "Enter Dest. Address =>" prompt, enter the memory address where you + want to put the binary from SD card to RAM. + Address "0x500000" is our suggestion. +8. Under "Command>>" prompt again, enter "55" (CLI) to use interactive command + environment. +9. Under "CLI>" prompt, enter "burn 0x500000 0x80400000 0x30000" to burn the + binary from RAM to FLASH. +10. Under "CLI>" prompt, enter "exit" to finish the burn process. + +boot u-boot from flash: +1. Make sure the MA17 (J16) is Hi). +2. Make sure the dip switch SW5 is set to "1010". +3. Power On. Press button "S1", then you will see the debug LED count to 20. +4. Now you can use u-boot on ADP-AG101 board. diff --git a/doc/README.standalone b/doc/README.standalone index 6e6b65f..2be5f27 100644 --- a/doc/README.standalone +++ b/doc/README.standalone @@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ Design Notes on Exporting U-Boot Functions to Standalone Applications: ARM 0x0c100000 0x0c100000 MIPS 0x80200000 0x80200000 Blackfin 0x00001000 0x00001000 + NDS32 0x00300000 0x00300000 Nios II 0x02000000 0x02000000
For example, the "hello world" application may be loaded and